This chapter contains a brief introduction to the topic of Kohonen's Self-Organizing Maps, i.e. SOM [KOH89] [KOH90]. Following a short presentation of the principles of the approach a description of the basic model will be given detailing the architecture and the learning-process of SOM. The chapter will be concluded with a discussion on the capabilities of this type of neural network as well as on some shortcomings to be addressed.